| GRIM-19 Expression and Function in Human Gliomas. |
| Yong Hao Jin, Shin Jung, Shu Guang Jin, Tae Young Jung, Kyung Sub Moon, In Young Kim |
1Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital & Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. sjung@chonnam.ac.kr
2Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, Korea.
3Department of Neurosurgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, Jilin Prov., China. |
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| ABSTRACT |
OBJECTIVE
We determined whether the expression of GRIM-19 is correlated with pathologic types and malignant grades in gliomas, and determined the function of GRIM-19 in human gliomas.
METHODS
Tumor tissues were isolated and frozen at -80degrees C just after surgery. The tissues consisted of normal brain tissue (4), astrocytomas (2), anaplastic astrocytomas (2), oligodendrogliomas (13), anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (11), and glioblastomas (16). To profile tumor-related genes, we applied RNA differential display using a Genefishing(TM) DEG kit, and validated the tumor-related genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A human glioblastoma cell line (U343MG-A) was used for the GRIM-19 functional studies. The morphologic and cytoskeletal changes were examined via light and confocal microscopy. The migratory and invasive abilities were investigated by the simple scratch technique and Matrigel assay. The antiproliferative activity was determined by thiazolyl blue Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and FACS analysis.
RESULTS
Based on RT-PCR analysis, the expression of GRIM-19 was higher in astrocytic tumors than oligodendroglial tumors. The expression of GRIM-19 was higher in high-grade tumors than low-grade tumors or normal brain tissue; glioblastomas showed the highest expression. After transfection of GRIM-19 into U343MG-A, the morphology of the sense-transfection cells became larger and more spindly. The antisense-transfection cells became smaller and rounder compared with wild type U343MG-A. The MTT assay showed that the sense-transfection cells were more sensitive to the combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid than U343MG-A cells or antisense-transfection cells; the anti-proliferative activity was related to apoptosis.
CONCLUSION
GRIM-19 may be one of the gene profiles which regulate cell death via apoptosis in human gliomas. |
| Key Words:
Cell line; GRIM-19; Gene Fishing; Glioblastoma; Human glioma |
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